Alternative medicine

In China, traditional herbal medicine has been frequently used in conjunction with Western medicine to treat SARS, and is believed to be effective (Zhong & Zeng 2003; Xiao et al 2003; Lin L et al 2003; Zhao CH et al 2003).

Recently, glycyrrhizin, an active component derived from liquorice roots, was tested against SARS-CoV in vitro (Cinatl et al 2003a). It has previously been used in the treatment of HIV and hepatitis C virus infections, and was found to be relatively non-toxic with infrequent side effects (e.g. hypertension; hypokalemia). In Vero cell cultures, it could inhibit the adsorption, penetration and replication of SARSCoV, and was most effective when administered both during and after viral adsorption. It has been postulated that the mechanisms are mediated through the nitrous oxide pathway (Cinatl et al 2003a). However, as glycyrrhizin can only act against SARS-CoV at very high concentrations, its clinical dosing and utility remain uncertain. It could perhaps be explored as an adjunct therapy for SARS, or continued as an ingredient or base in herbal preparations.