144 SARS Treatment
Chapter 9: SARS Treatment
Loletta Kit-Ying SO
Arthur Chun-Wing LAU
Loretta Yin-Chun YAM
The treatment of coronavirus-associated SARS has been evolving and so far there is no consensus on an optimal regimen. This chapter reviews the diverse treatment experience and controversies to date, and aims to consolidate our current knowledge and prepare for a possible resurgence of the disease.
Treatment strategies for SARS were first developed on theoretical bases and from clinical observations and inferences. Prospective randomized controlled treatment trials were understandably lacking during the first epidemic of this novel disease. The mainstream therapeutic interventions for SARS involve broad-spectrum antibiotics and supportive care, as well as antiviral agents and immunomodulatory therapy. Assisted ventilation in a non-invasive or invasive form would be instituted in SARS patients complicated by respiratory failure.
- April 8-10
- April 12
- June 6
- August 14
- September 8
- September 24
- References
- 30 Virology
- Discovery of the SARS Virus
- Initial Research
- Coronaviridae
- SARS Co-V
- Genome Sequence
- Antiviral Agents and Vaccines
- Antiviral Drugs
- Vaccines
- Outlook
- References
- Routes of Transmission
- Patient Factors in Transmission
- Asymptomatic Patients
- Symptomatic Patients
- The Unsuspected Patients
- High-Risk Activities
- Transmission during Quarantine
- Introduction
- Global Spread
- Hong Kong
- Other Countries
- Eradication
- Outlook
- Introduction
- International Coordination
- Management of SARS in the post-outbreak period
- National Measures
- Legislation
- Quarantine after Discharge
- Infection Control in Healthcare Settings
- General Measures
- Protective Measures
- Special Settings
- Intensive Care Units
- Intubating a SARS Patient
- Anesthesia
- Triage
- Internet Sources
- After the Outbreak
- Conclusion
- 108 Case Definition
- WHO Case Definition
- Suspect case
- Reclassification of cases
- CDC Case Definition
- 112 Diagnostic Tests
- Introduction
- Laboratory tests
- Virus isolation
- Antibody detection
- Interpretation
- Limitations
- Biosafety considerations
- Clinical Presentation and Diagnosis
- Clinical Presentation
- Diagnosis
- Clinical Course
- Histopathology
- Lung Biopsy
- Postmortem Findings
- Discharge and Follow-up
- Psychosocial Issues
- References
- 144 SARS Treatment
- Antibiotic therapy
- Antiviral therapy
- Ribavirin
- Alternative medicine
- Immunomodulatory therapy
- Other immunomodulators
- Assisted ventilation
- Invasive mechanical ventilation
- Clinical outcomes
- Appendix 1
- A standardized treatment protocol for adult SARS in Hong Kong
- Appendix 2
- A treatment regimen for SARS in Guangzhou, China
- References
- 168 Pediatric SARS
- Clinical Manifestation